{"id":1319,"date":"2011-08-15T18:34:03","date_gmt":"2011-08-15T17:34:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/host.coupon8.de\/?p=1319"},"modified":"2011-08-15T18:34:03","modified_gmt":"2011-08-15T17:34:03","slug":"%e4%ba%92%e6%96%87%e4%b8%8e%e4%ba%92%e6%96%87%e6%80%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tao0.date\/?p=1319","title":{"rendered":"\u4e92\u6587\u4e0e\u4e92\u6587\u6027"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e92\u6587<\/strong>
\n\u4e92\u6587\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4fee\u8f9e\u624b\u6cd5\uff0c\u53c8\u53eb\u4e92\u8f9e\uff0c\u4e92\u53c2\u3002
\n\u3000\u3000\u5728\u53e4\u4ee3\u6c49\u8bed\u4e2d<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u4e24\u53e5\u6216\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u4e2d\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u770b\u4f3c\u5404\u8bf4\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff0c\u5b9e\u5219\u662f\u4e92\u76f8\u547c\u5e94\uff0c\u4e92\u76f8\u9610\u53d1\uff0c\u4e92\u76f8\u8865\u5145\uff0c\u8bf4\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u3002\u89e3\u91ca\u65f6\u8981\u628a\u4e0a\u4e0b\u53e5\u7684\u610f\u601d\u4e92\u76f8\u8865\u8db3\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5c31\u4f1a\u7406\u89e3\u51fa\u9519\u3002
\n\u3000\u3000\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u201c\u5c06\u519b\u767e\u6218\u6b7b\uff0c\u58ee\u58eb\u5341\u5e74\u5f52\u201d\u3002\u2014\u2014\u300a\u6728\u5170\u8bd7\u300b
\n\u3000\u3000\u5982\u679c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u201c\u5c06\u519b\u7ecf\u8fc7\u767e\u6218\u4e4b\u540e\u90fd\u6218\u6b7b\u4e86\uff0c\u56de\u6765\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u4e45\u7ecf\u6218\u573a\u7684\u58ee\u58eb\u201d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u660e\u663e\u53ef\u4ee5\u611f\u89c9\u5230\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u8bb2\u4e0d\u901a\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u7528\u4e86\u4e92\u6587\u7684\u4fee\u8f9e\u624b\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u53e5\u662f\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5c06\u519b\u548c\u58ee\u58eb\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u5e74\u5f81\u6218\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u6218\u6b7b\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u5f52\u6765\u201d
\n\u3000\u3000\u5e94\u8be5\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u201c\u5c06\u519b\u548c\u58ee\u58eb\u4eec\u7ecf\u8fc7\u591a\u5e74\u5f81\u6218\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u5149\u8363\u6b89\u56fd\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u8f7d\u8a89\u800c\u5f52\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u4e92\u6587\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a<\/strong>
\n\u3000\u3000\u540c\u53e5\u4e92\u6587\u3002\u5373\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u91cc\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u4e92\u6587\u3002
\n\u3000\u3000\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a
\n\u3000\u3000\uff11.\u671d\u6656\u5915\u9634\u3002 \u2014\u2014\u300a\u5cb3\u9633\u697c\u8bb0\u300b
\n\u3000\u3000\u610f\u601d\u662f\u201c\u671d\u6656\u5915\u9634\u201d\u548c\u201c\u671d\u9634\u5915\u6656\u201d\u3002\u201c\u671d\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5915\u201d\u3001\u201c\u6656\u201d\u548c\u201c\u9634\u201d\u662f\u4e92\u6587\u3002
\n\u3000\u3000\u4ee5\u4e0b\u53e5\u5b50\u4e5f\u90fd\u4e00\u6837\u3002
\n\u3000\u3000\uff12.\u201c\u79e6\u65f6\u660e\u6708\u6c49\u65f6\u5173\u201d\u3000\u3002\u201c\u79e6\u201d\u548c\u201c\u6c49\u201d\u662f\u4e92\u76f8\u8865\u5145\u3002
\n\u3000\u3000\uff13.\u201c\u4e3b\u4eba\u4e0b\u9a6c\u5ba2\u5728\u8239\u201d
\n\u3000\u3000\uff14.\u201c\u4e1c\u8239\u897f\u822b\u6084\u65e0\u8a00\u201d
\n\u3000\u3000\uff15.\u201c\u4e1c\u72ac\u897f\u5420\u201d
\n\u3000\u3000\u4e8c\u3001\u90bb\u53e5\u4e92\u6587\u3002\u5373\u5728\u76f8\u90bb\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u91cc\u51fa\u73b0\u4e92\u6587\uff01 <\/strong>
\n\u3000\u3000\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a
\n\u3000\u3000\uff11.\u4e0d\u4ee5\u7269\u559c\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ee5\u5df1\u60b2\u3002\u2014\u2014\u300a\u5cb3\u9633\u697c\u8bb0\u300b
\n\u3000\u3000\u610f\u601d\u662f \u4e0d\u56e0\u201c\u7269\u201d\ufe5d\u6240\u5904\u7684\u73af\u5883\ufe5e\u6216\u201c\u5df1\u201d\ufe5d\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u906d\u9047\ufe5e\u800c\u559c\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u56e0\u201c\u7269\u201d\u6216\u201c\u5df1\u201d\u800c\u60b2\u3002)
\n\u3000\u3000\uff12.\u5c06\u519b\u767e\u6218\u6b7b\uff0c\u58ee\u58eb\u5341\u5e74\u5f52
\n\u3000\u3000\u8865\u5145\u6750\u6599\u3002
\n\u3000\u3000\u53e4\u4ee3\u6c49\u8bed\u4e2d\u5bf9\u4e92\u6587\u4fee\u8f9e\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u662f\uff1a\u201c\u53c2\u4e92\u6210\u6587\uff0c\u542b\u800c\u89c1\u6587\u3002\u201d\u5177\u4f53\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e92\u6587\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u662f\u201c\u6587\u7701\u800c\u610f\u5b58\u201d\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u8868\u73b0\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u4e00\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u7279\u5f81\uff1a\u4e92\u7701\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u4e0a\u9762\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002
\n\u3000\u3000\u4e8c\u3001\u8bed\u4e49\u7279\u5f81\uff1a\u4e92\u8865\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u201c\u5f53\u7a97\u7406\u4e91\u9b13\uff0c\u5bf9\u955c\u8d34\u82b1\u9ec4\u201d\u2014\u2014\u300a\u6728\u5170\u8bd7\u300b\u3002\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n


\n\u897f\u6587<\/strong>
\n\u4e92\u6587\u6027(Intertexuality)<\/strong>\u4e5f\u6709\u4eba\u8bd1\u4f5c“\u6587\u672c\u95f4\u6027”\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u6279\u8bc4\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u51fa\u73b0\u4e8e20\u4e16\u7eaa60\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u968f\u5373\u6210\u4e3a\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u3001\u540e\u7ed3\u6784\u6279\u8bc4\u7684\u6807\u8bc6\u6027\u672f\u8bed\u3002\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u6307\u793a\u4e24\u4e2a\u6216\u4e24\u4e2a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6587\u672c\u95f4\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e92\u6587\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5b83\u5305\u62ec(1)\u4e24\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u6216\u7279\u6b8a\u6587\u672c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb(\u4e00\u822c\u79f0\u4e3atranstexuality)\uff1b(2)\u67d0\u4e00\u6587\u672c\u901a\u8fc7\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3001\u91cd\u590d\u3001\u4fee\u6b63\uff0c\u5411\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u672c\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u6269\u6563\u6027\u5f71\u54cd(\u4e00\u822c\u79f0\u4f5cintertexuality)\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u6279\u8bc4\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u653e\u5f03\u90a3\u79cd\u53ea\u5173\u6ce8\u4f5c\u8005\u4e0e\u4f5c\u54c1\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u6279\u8bc4\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8f6c\u5411\u4e00\u79cd\u5bbd\u6cdb\u8bed\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u8de8\u6587\u672c\u6587\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u6982\u8bf4<\/p>\n

    \u4e92\u6587\u6027(Intertexuality)\u4e5f\u6709\u4eba\u8bd1\u4f5c“\u6587\u672c\u95f4\u6027”\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u6279\u8bc4\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u51fa\u73b0\u4e8e20\u4e16\u7eaa60\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u968f\u5373\u6210\u4e3a\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u3001\u540e\u7ed3\u6784\u6279\u8bc4\u7684\u6807\u8bc6\u6027\u672f\u8bed\u3002\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u6307\u793a\u4e24\u4e2a\u6216\u4e24\u4e2a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6587\u672c\u95f4\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e92\u6587\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5b83\u5305\u62ec(1)\u4e24\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u6216\u7279\u6b8a\u6587\u672c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb(\u4e00\u822c\u79f0\u4e3atranstexuality)\uff1b(2)\u67d0\u4e00\u6587\u672c\u901a\u8fc7\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3001\u91cd\u590d\u3001\u4fee\u6b63\uff0c\u5411\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u672c\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u6269\u6563\u6027\u5f71\u54cd(\u4e00\u822c\u79f0\u4f5cintertexuality)\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u6279\u8bc4\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u653e\u5f03\u90a3\u79cd\u53ea\u5173\u6ce8\u4f5c\u8005\u4e0e\u4f5c\u54c1\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u6279\u8bc4\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8f6c\u5411\u4e00\u79cd\u5bbd\u6cdb\u8bed\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u8de8\u6587\u672c\u6587\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7814\u7a76\u5f3a\u8c03\u591a\u5b66\u79d1\u8bdd\u8bed\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u504f\u91cd\u4ee5\u7b26\u53f7\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5171\u65f6\u7ed3\u6784\u53bb\u53d6\u4ee3\u6587\u5b66\u53f2\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u628a\u6587\u5b66\u6587\u672c\u4ece\u5fc3\u7406\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u6216\u5386\u53f2\u51b3\u5b9a\u8bba\u4e2d\u89e3\u653e\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u6295\u5165\u5230\u4e00\u79cd\u4e0e\u5404\u7c7b\u6587\u672c\u81ea\u7531\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u8bed\u5883\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

\u5927\u80cc\u666f\u89e3\u8bf4<\/p>\n

    \u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bf9\u5386\u53f2\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u65b0\u6279\u8bc4\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u53cd\u62e8\uff0c\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u4e0e\u524d\u8005\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4ef7\u503c\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6279\u8bc4\u5b9e\u8df5\u5e76\u4e0d\u96b6\u5c5e\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u56e2\u4f53\uff0c\u800c\u4e0e20\u4e16\u7eaa\u6b27\u6d32\u597d\u51e0\u573a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u8fd0\u52a8\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4fc4\u56fd\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3b\u4e49\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u3001\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u5b66\u3001\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u89e3\u6784\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u56f4\u7ed5\u5b83\u7684\u9610\u91ca\u4e0e\u8ba8\u8bba\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u51fa\u81ea\u6cd5\u56fd\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u7f57\u5170•\u5df4\u7279\u3001\u6731\u4e3d\u5a05•\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u8482\u5a03\u3001\u96c5\u5404•\u5fb7\u91cc\u8fbe\u3001\u6770\u62c9\u5c14\u5fb7•\u70ed\u5948\u7279\u3001\u8fc8\u514b\u5c14•\u745e\u6cd5\u7279\u5c14\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5148\u9a71\u8005\uff1a\u6e0a\u6e90\u4e0e\u5f71\u54cd<\/p>\n

    \u8bf4\u5230\u4e92\u6587\u6027\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u6279\u8bc4\u5bb6\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u8482\u5a03\u9996\u5148\u56de\u987e\u4e8620\u4e16\u7eaa60\u5e74\u4ee3\u540e\u671f\u7684\u6587\u5b66\u6279\u8bc4\u3002\u5979\u8bf4\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u6cd5\u56fd\u6587\u5b66\u6279\u8bc4\u6df1\u53d7\u4fc4\u56fd\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5df4\u8d6b\u91d1\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u72c2\u6b22\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u4ee4\u5979\u6700\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\uff0c\u5219\u662f\u5df4\u8d6b\u91d1\u9488\u5bf9\u62c9\u4f2f\u96f7\u548c\u9640\u601d\u59a5\u8036\u592b\u65af\u57fa\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5df4\u8d6b\u91d1\u63d0\u5021\u4e00\u79cd\u6587\u672c\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u4ed6\u628a\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u79cd\u8868\u8fbe\uff0c\u90fd\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u4f17\u591a\u58f0\u97f3\u4ea4\u53c9\u3001\u6e17\u900f\u4e0e\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u8482\u5a03\u8bf4\uff1a\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u6982\u5ff5\u867d\u4e0d\u7531\u5df4\u8d6b\u91d1\u76f4\u63a5\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u5374\u53ef\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5df4\u8d6b\u91d1\u5728\u300a\u9640\u601d\u59a5\u8036\u592b\u65af\u57fa\u7684\u8bd7\u5b66\u95ee\u9898\u300b\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u72ec\u767d\u5f0f\u5386\u53f2\u4e3b\u4e49\u6279\u8bc4\u548c\u6587\u4f53\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u628a\u5c0f\u8bf4\u770b\u6210\u662f\u4f5c\u8005\u601d\u60f3\u611f\u60c5\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u6d41\u9732\uff0c\u6216\u5c0f\u8bf4\u5bf9\u4e8e\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u540c\u8d28\u6027\u518d\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u72ec\u767d\u6279\u8bc4\u56e0\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u89e3\u91ca\u4eba\u7269\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5f02\u8d28\u6027\u4e0e\u591a\u6837\u6027\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bf4\u660e\u5c0f\u8bf4\u4e2d\u5404\u79cd\u5916\u6587\u5b66\u6587\u672c(extra_literarytexts)\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5145\u5206\u5c55\u73b0\u5c0f\u8bf4\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5ba1\u7f8e\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5373\u540c\u4e00\u90e8\u5c0f\u8bf4\u4e2d\u4e0d\u540c\u8bed\u8a00\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u5171\u5b58\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u591a\u5143\u8bed\u8a00\u8bc4\u4ef7\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5171\u5b58\u4e92\u52a8\u3002\u5df4\u8d6b\u91d1\u628a\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u5171\u5b58\u4e92\u52a8\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u5c0f\u8bf4\u7684“\u591a\u58f0\u90e8”\u6216“\u590d\u8c03”\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u7528“\u6587\u5b66\u72c2\u6b22\u5316”\u6765\u652f\u6301\u4ed6\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7406\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u72c2\u6b22\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6587\u5316\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u5b83\u539f\u6307\u90a3\u79cd\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u5e86\u5178\u3001\u4eea\u5f0f\u548c\u6e38\u827a\u7684\u6c11\u95f4\u72c2\u6b22\u8282\u3002\u6b27\u6d32\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u72c2\u6b22\u8282\uff0c\u65e2\u662f\u6c11\u4f17\u5bf9\u4eba\u751f\u7684\u8bd9\u8c10\u4f53\u9a8c\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u563b\u7b11\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4e5f\u751f\u52a8\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u767e\u59d3\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b97\u6559\u9ed1\u6697\u7edf\u6cbb\u7684\u5632\u8bbd\u6001\u5ea6\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u6587\u5b66\u72c2\u6b22\u5316\u4e13\u6307\u90a3\u79cd\u4ea7\u751f\u4e8e\u6587\u5316\u5371\u673a\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u590d\u8c03\u4f5c\u54c1\u6216\u591a\u58f0\u90e8\u5c0f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5df4\u8d6b\u91d1\u8ba4\u5b9a\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u624b\u6cd5\u662f\u620f\u4eff(parody)\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u8fd9\u7c7b\u5c0f\u8bf4\u5b9e\u4e43\u4e00\u79cd\u4e92\u6587\u4f53\u3002\u5b83\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u628a\u4e16\u754c\u548c\u4eba\u751f\u770b\u4f5c\u4e00\u79cd\u5171\u65f6\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u504f\u7231\u628a\u6587\u5b66\u7f6e\u4e8e\u6587\u5b66\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u6027\u8bed\u5883\u4e2d\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5b83\u8fd8\u4e60\u60ef\u7528\u55a7\u95f9\u7684\u65b9\u8a00\u4fd7\u8bed\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u5404\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u63d2\u79d1\u6253\u8be8\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8868\u73b0\u4e0d\u540c\u4eba\u7fa4\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u9020\u5c31\u4e00\u4e2a\u62e5\u6324\u6742\u4e71\u7684\u4e92\u8bdd\u8bed(interdiscursivity)\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u521b\u9020\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f17\u58f0\u55a7\u54d7\u3001\u5374\u53c8\u5185\u5728\u548c\u8c10\u7684\u5f39\u6027\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8d4b\u4e88\u8bed\u8a00\u6216\u610f\u4e49\u4e00\u79cd\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u5df4\u8d6b\u91d1\u63d0\u51fa\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7406\u8bba\u65f6\uff0c\u5e76\u672a\u9884\u89c1\u5230\u6587\u5b66\u7b26\u53f7\u5b66\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u53ef\u4ed6\u7684\u72c2\u6b22\u5316\u6982\u5ff5\u81f3\u5c11\u6697\u793a\u4e86\u5728\u6587\u5b66\u6279\u8bc4\u3001\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u95f4\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u79cd\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4ece\u6279\u8bc4\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6587\u5b66\u6587\u672c\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u5728\u82f1\u7f8e\u4f20\u7edf\u4e2d\u4e45\u5df2\u6709\u4e4b\u300218\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\uff0c\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927•\u84b2\u4f2f\u66fe\u5728\u7ef4\u5409\u5c14\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u8377\u9a6c\u3002\u84b2\u4f2f\u786e\u4fe1\uff0c\u8bd7\u4eba\u5982\u80fd\u5584\u4e8e\u6a21\u4eff\u53e4\u5178\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u4ed6\u4fbf\u80fd\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u6a21\u4eff\u81ea\u7136\u3002\u7528\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e00\u9996\u8bd7\u5728\u6a21\u4eff\u81ea\u7136\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4f18\u52a3\uff0c\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5b83\u7684\u4e92\u6587\u6027\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5b83\u5bf9\u524d\u6587\u672c(pre-text)\u7684\u6a21\u4eff\u3002\u827e\u7565\u7279\u5728\u300a\u4f20\u7edf\u4e0e\u4e2a\u4eba\u624d\u80fd\u300b\u4e2d\u63d0\u5021\u4e00\u79cd\u8457\u540d\u7684“\u50ac\u5316”\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8bd7\u4eba\u7cbe\u795e\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u50ac\u5316\u5242\uff0c\u5b83\u80fd\u6539\u9020\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e0e\u6587\u5b66\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u53d8\u6210\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u5316\u5408\u7269\u3002\u4ed6\u53c8\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u80fd\u6d88\u89e3\u4f5c\u8005\u548c\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u4fc3\u6210\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u7684\u591a\u5143\u5316\u5408\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5bfc\u81f4\u6587\u5b66\u521b\u4f5c\u7684\u975e\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5c31\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u5173\u7cfb\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u540c\u65f6\u5171\u5b58\u7684\u79e9\u5e8f\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79e9\u5e8f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5148\u524d\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u6587\u672c\u4e00\u5f8b\u4e3a\u4eca\u4eba\u5171\u4eab\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u4ef6\u65b0\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u8bde\u751f\uff0c\u65e0\u7591\u90fd\u53d7\u5230\u4ee5\u524d\u5168\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u827a\u672f\u4f5c\u54c1\u90fd\u4f1a\u878d\u5165\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e0e\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5fc5\u7136\u5bf9\u8fc7\u53bb\u548c\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u4e92\u6587\u672c\u53d1\u751f\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u4e5f\u987b\u4f9d\u636e\u5b83\u4e0e\u6574\u4e2a\u73b0\u5b58\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u8bc4\u4ef7\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u521b\u4f5c\u5b9e\u8df5\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4e3e\u51fa\u4e0d\u5c11\u4f8b\u8bc1\u3002\u8b6c\u5982\u83f2\u5c14\u4e01\u7684\u300a\u7ea6\u745f\u592b•\u5b89\u5fb7\u9c81\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u4e00\u773c\u5c31\u80fd\u770b\u51fa\u7406\u67e5\u900a\u7684\u300a\u5e15\u7f8e\u62c9\u300b\u3001\u585e\u4e07\u63d0\u65af\u7684\u300a\u5802\u5409\u8bc3\u5fb7\u300b\u3001\u4e43\u81f3\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7b49\u524d\u6587\u672c\u7684\u75d5\u8ff9\u3002\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\u5c0f\u8bf4\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f8b\u5b50\u6700\u660e\u663e\u83ab\u8fc7\u4e8e\u4e54\u4f0a\u65af\u7684\u300a\u5c24\u5229\u897f\u65af\u300b\u3002\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u6d3e\u4f5c\u54c1\u91cc\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u8ba9\u4eba\u8054\u60f3\u5230\u7684\u5f53\u7136\u662f\u7ea6\u7ff0•\u5df4\u601d\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u63a8\u5f00\u53bb\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u80fd\u4e3e\u51fa\u963f\u591a\u5c3c\u65af\u795e\u8bdd\u4e4b\u4e8e\u5f25\u5c14\u987f\u300a\u5229\u897f\u8fbe\u65af\u300b\uff0c\u8377\u9a6c\u300a\u5965\u5fb7\u8d5b\u300b\u4e4b\u4e8e\u4e54\u4f0a\u65af\u7684\u300a\u5c24\u5229\u897f\u65af\u300b\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5357\u65b9\u5206\u79bb\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e4b\u4e8e\u60e0\u7279\u66fc1855\u5e74\u7248\u7684\u300a\u81ea\u6211\u4e4b\u6b4c\u300b\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u552f\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49\u54f2\u5b66\u4e4b\u4e8e\u534e\u5179\u534e\u65af\u7684\u300a\u5e8f\u66f2\u300b\uff0c\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u4e4b\u4e8e\u6258\u9a6c\u65af•\u54c1\u94a6\u7684\u5c0f\u8bf4\uff0c\u70ed\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4e4b\u4e8e\u5de6\u62c9\u5c0f\u8bf4\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u5962\u8c08\u4e92\u6587\u6027\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5ba3\u626c\u4f20\u7edf\u5f71\u54cd\u8bba\u4e4b\u5acc\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u5728\u65e0\u610f\u4e2d\u62ac\u9ad8\u524d\u6587\u672c\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u62b9\u715e\u524d\u540e\u6587\u672c\u7684\u591a\u58f0\u90e8\u6e17\u900f\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n

    \u300a\u5c24\u5229\u897f\u65af\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e54\u4f0a\u65af\u5229\u7528\u8377\u9a6c\u53f2\u8bd7\u7684\u60c5\u8282\u6577\u8bbe\u4ed6\u7684\u7bc7\u7ae0\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u95f4\u786e\u7acb\u4e00\u79cd\u80af\u5b9a\u7684(positive)\u4e92\u6587\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u90e8\u5c0f\u8bf4\u4e0d\u4e4f\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u6307\u6d89(autoreferentiality)\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u300a\u9752\u5e74\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u8096\u50cf\u300b\u548c\u300a\u82f1\u96c4\u53f2\u8482\u82ac\u300b\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5b83\u56e0\u6b64\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5185\u6587\u672c\u5173\u7cfb(intratexuality)\u3002\u5728\u5c24\u5229\u897f\u65af\u7684\u5851\u9020\u4e0a\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u4e5f\u4e0d\u96be\u770b\u5230\u4e54\u4f0a\u65af\u5bf9\u8377\u9a6c\u4eba\u7269\u7684\u6539\u9020\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u5728\u6539\u9020\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4eba\u7269\u65f6\u663e\u9732\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u5929\u624d\u7075\u611f\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u53c8\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u79cd\u5426\u5b9a\u7684(negative)\u4e92\u6587\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u5df4\u601d\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5145\u65a5\u7740\u522b\u4eba\u7684\u524d\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u5982\u300a\u5802\u5409\u8bc3\u5fb7\u300b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5f25\u6f2b\u7740\u81ea\u6211\u5f15\u7528\u548c\u81ea\u6211\u6307\u6d89\uff0c\u5373\u5927\u91cf\u5f15\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u628a\u5c0f\u8bf4\u5f53\u4f5c\u518d\u73b0\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u6784\u6210\u4e00\u79cd\u6df1\u85cf\u7684\u4e92\u6587\u6027\uff0c\u6216\u79f0\u4f5c“\u5185\u6587\u672c\u6027”\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\u5143\u5c0f\u8bf4(meta-fiction)\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u5f81\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5206\u6790\u4e0d\u50cf\u4f20\u7edf\u5f71\u54cd\u8bba\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u628a\u6587\u672c\u7532\u4e0e\u6587\u672c\u4e59\u7b80\u5355\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u4e0e\u4e4b\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5b83\u628a\u591a\u79cd\u6587\u672c\u5f53\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4e5f\u4e0d\u50cf\u4f20\u7edf\u6e0a\u6e90\u7814\u7a76\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u53ea\u628a\u6587\u672c\u4e59\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u6587\u672c\u7532\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u628a\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u5f53\u4f5c\u6587\u672c\u5f97\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u8bdd\u8bed\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a7a\u95f4\u91cc\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5438\u6536\u8fd8\u662f\u7834\u574f\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u80af\u5b9a\u8fd8\u662f\u5426\u5b9a\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u81ea\u6211\u5f15\u7528\u8fd8\u662f\u81ea\u6211\u6307\u6d89\uff0c\u6587\u672c\u603b\u662f\u4e0e\u67d0\u4e2a\u6216\u67d0\u4e9b\u524d\u6587\u672c\u7ea0\u7f20\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8bfb\u8005\u6216\u6279\u8bc4\u5bb6\u603b\u80fd\u5728\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u6587\u672c\u4e0e\u5176\u7279\u5b9a\u5148\u9a71\u6587\u672c\u7684\u4ea4\u7ec7\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u800c\u8bd7\u4eba\u4e0e\u7279\u5b9a\u5148\u9a71\u8bd7\u4eba\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u4e5f\u8131\u79bb\u4e0d\u4e86\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u6e0a\u6e90\u6216\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u5e72\u7cfb\u3002\u6309\u7167\u54c8\u7f57\u5fb7•\u5e03\u9c81\u59c6\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u5148\u9a71\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u65e0\u7591\u9020\u5c31\u4e86\u540e\u6765\u8005\u51e0\u4e4e\u65e0\u6cd5\u514b\u670d\u7684\u7126\u8651\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5e03\u9c81\u59c6\uff1a\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u7126\u8651<\/p>\n

    \u5e03\u9c81\u59c6\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa70\u5e74\u4ee3\u96c6\u4e2d\u7814\u7a76“\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u7126\u8651”\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u8bd7\u4eba\u6709“\u5f3a\u4e0e\u5f31”\u3001“\u91cd\u8981\u548c\u4e0d\u91cd\u8981”\u4e4b\u5206\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5f3a\u529b\u8bd7\u4eba\u6216\u91cd\u8981\u8bd7\u4eba\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u5f3a\u529b\u8bd7\u4eba\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u521b\u4f5c\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u7136\u548c\u4fc4\u72c4\u6d66\u65af\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u8eab\u5904\u5148\u5f11\u7236\u540e\u5a36\u6bcd\u7684\u5883\u9047\u3002\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u8bd7\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e8e\u524d\u8f88\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u6216\u8bd7\u6b4c\u6587\u672c\u4e4b\u4e8e\u524d\u6587\u672c\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7231\u6068\u4ea4\u7ec7\u7684\u4fc4\u72c4\u6d66\u65af\u60c5\u7ed3\u3002\u8bd7\u4eba\u603b\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u8fdf\u5230\u611f\u89c9\uff1a\u91cd\u8981\u4e8b\u7269\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u4eba\u547d\u540d\uff0c\u91cd\u8981\u8bdd\u8bed\u65e9\u5df2\u6709\u4e86\u8868\u8fbe\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f53\u5f3a\u529b\u8bd7\u4eba\u9762\u5bf9\u524d\u8f88\u4f1f\u5927\u4f20\u7edf\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u8fdb\u5165\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f20\u7edf\u6765\u89e3\u9664\u5b83\u7684\u6b66\u88c5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u524d\u6587\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6b63\u3001\u4f4d\u79fb\u548c\u91cd\u6784\uff0c\u6765\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u521b\u9020\u60f3\u8c61\u529b\u5f00\u8f9f\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u5e03\u9c81\u59c6\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fee\u6b63\u529f\u592b\u79f0\u4f5c“\u5173\u7cfb\u6027\u4e8b\u4ef6”\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u8861\u91cf“\u4e24\u4e2a\u6216\u66f4\u591a\u6587\u672c\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u4fee\u6b63\u6bd4”\u3002\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6784\u6210\u5f3a\u529b\u8bd7\u4eba\u521b\u4f5c\u65f6\u5fc5\u7136\u7ecf\u5386\u76846\u4e2a\u5fc3\u7406\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u5e03\u9c81\u59c6\u4ece\u5362\u514b\u83b1\u4fee\u54f2\u5b66\u4e2d\u501f\u7528\u672f\u8bed\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u6307\u79f0\u8fd96\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u662fClinamen(\u66f2\u89e3\u6216\u8bef\u8bfb)\uff0c\u8bd7\u4eba\u901a\u8fc7\u53cd\u8bbd\uff0c\u5bf9\u524d\u6587\u672c\u8fdb\u884c“\u53cd\u52a8\uff0d\u6784\u6210”\u548c“\u6545\u610f\u8bef\u8bfb”\uff0c\u5373\u63ed\u9732\u5176\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e7c\u7a1a\u7684\u5e7b\u60f3\u5c40\u9650\u6027\uff0c\u6765\u9003\u907f\u524d\u6587\u672c“\u4ee4\u4eba\u96be\u4ee5\u5fcd\u53d7\u7684\u51fa\u73b0”\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u7b2c\u4e8c\u9636\u6bb5\u662fTessera(\u5b8c\u6210\u548c\u5bf9\u7acb)\uff0c\u8bd7\u4eba\u901a\u8fc7\u63d0\u55bb\u548c“\u5bf9\u6297\u81ea\u6211”\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u9632\u5fa1\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u8d85\u8d8a\u7531\u4e8e\u8fc7\u5206\u7406\u60f3\u5316\u800c“\u88ab\u622a\u77ed\u4e86\u7684”\u5e7b\u60f3\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u8bd7\u4eba\u901a\u8fc7\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u7684“\u66f2\u89e3\u6216\u8bef\u8bfb”\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u524d\u6587\u672c\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7“\u6062\u590d\u8fd0\u52a8”\u590d\u6d3b\u524d\u6587\u672c\u7684\u8d85\u9a8c\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u524d\u6587\u672c\u7684\u5e7b\u60f3\u6210\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684“\u4e00\u90e8\u5206”\u3002\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e5f\u6210\u4e86\u524d\u6587\u672c\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u8868\u8fbe\u6216“\u8fdf\u5230\u7684\u5b8c\u6210”\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u7b2c\u4e09\u9636\u6bb5\u662fKenosis(\u7a81\u7834\u548c\u65ad\u88c2)\uff0c\u8bd7\u4eba\u901a\u8fc7\u6362\u55bb\u4f7f\u7528“\u7834\u574f\u6216\u5012\u9000”\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u9632\u5fa1\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u628a\u524d\u6587\u672c\u7684\u5e7b\u60f3\u6d88\u89e3\u5230\u975e\u5e7b\u60f3\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u524d\u6587\u672c\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5047\u8c61\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u79cd\u521b\u4f5c\u5e7b\u89c9\uff0c\u4eff\u4f5b\u5904\u4e8e\u524d\u4fc4\u72c4\u6d66\u65af\u6216\u65e0\u7ade\u4e89\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u8bd7\u6b4c\u4f53\u9a8c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u7eaf\u7cb9\u5feb\u611f\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u7b2c\u56db\u9636\u6bb5\u662fDaemonization(\u9b54\u9b3c\u9644\u8eab)\uff0c\u8bd7\u4eba\u8fd0\u7528\u5938\u5f20\u624b\u6cd5\uff0c\u538b\u6291\u524d\u6587\u672c\u7684\u5d07\u9ad8\u5e7b\u60f3\uff0c\u5c06\u524d\u6587\u672c\u9ad8\u7ea7\u8d85\u9a8c\u5185\u6db5\u53d8\u6210“\u4f4e\u7ea7”\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u6b32\u671b\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u80fd\u521b\u9020\u81ea\u5df1\u7684“\u53cd\u5d07\u9ad8”\u5e7b\u60f3\uff0c\u5e76\u628a\u60f3\u8c61\u529b\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u72ec\u7acb\u3001\u552f\u6211\u3001\u975e\u4eba\u6216\u6076\u9b54\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bd7\u4eba\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8bd7\u6b4c\u6587\u672c\u4e0e\u67d0\u4e00\u5148\u9a71\u6587\u672c\u5173\u8054\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u5374\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5148\u9a71\uff0c\u800c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8d85\u8d8a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5148\u9a71\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b58\u5728\u8303\u7574\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u62b9\u6740\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5148\u9a71\u6587\u672c\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u7b2c\u4e94\u9636\u6bb5\u662fAskesis(\u81ea\u6211\u51c0\u5316)\uff0c\u8bd7\u4eba(\u53ca\u5176\u6240\u5229\u7528\u7684\u524d\u6587\u672c)\u6b64\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5e7b\u60f3\u65e0\u6cd5\u6539\u9020\u6211\u4eec\u751f\u5b58\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8981\u8fd0\u7528\u9690\u55bb“\u4ece\u5185\u90e8\u653b\u514b\u5916\u90e8”\u3002\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u8bd7\u4eba\u732e\u8eab\u4e8e\u8bd7\u6b4c\u521b\u4f5c\u7684\u5feb\u4e50\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u4ee5\u5bf9\u6297\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u539f\u5219\u3002\u4ed6\u901a\u8fc7\u8f6c\u6362\u3001\u66ff\u4ee3\u3001\u4f4d\u79fb\u524d\u6587\u672c\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4e0e\u524d\u6587\u672c\u5f7b\u5e95\u8131\u79bb\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u8fbe\u5230\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u51c0\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u7b2c\u516d\u9636\u6bb5\u662fApophrades(\u6b7b\u8005\u56de\u5f52)\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6781\u7aef\u5b8c\u7f8e\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u8bd7\u4eba\u901a\u8fc7\u50ed\u8d8a(metalepsis)\u6216\u8d85\u524d\u63d0(transumption)\u5bb9\u7eb3\u6216\u5438\u6536\u524d\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u9020\u6210“\u54fa\u80b2\u524d\u8f88”\u7684\u5e7b\u89c9\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u8868\u8fbe\u524d\u6587\u672c\u6e34\u671b\u8868\u8fbe\u3001\u5374\u672a\u80fd\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u5e7b\u60f3\uff0c\u4f7f\u4eba\u611f\u5230\u524d\u6587\u672c\u51fa\u81ea\u540e\u6765\u8005\u4e4b\u624b\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5b8c\u6210\u4e0e\u524d\u8f88\u8bd7\u6b4c\u7684\u8ba4\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5e03\u9c81\u59c6\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5b9e\u4e3a\u5f17\u6d1b\u4f0a\u5fb7\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u3001\u8f6c\u4e49\u4fee\u8f9e\u7406\u8bba\u3001\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u795e\u79d8\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u4ea7\u7269\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u8fd8\u6e17\u900f\u7740\u5c3c\u91c7\u7684\u6743\u529b\u610f\u5fd7\u3001\u5fb7\u66fc\u7684\u8bef\u8bfb\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u4e0d\u59a8\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u5c31\u662f\u5f71\u54cd\u7126\u8651\u7684\u5178\u578b\u4f53\u73b0\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u662f\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u89c1\u8bc1\u3002\u5728\u5e03\u9c81\u59c6\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u8bd7\u6b4c\u6587\u672c\u4e0d\u662f\u4f17\u591a\u7b26\u53f7\u5728\u7eb8\u4e0a\u7684\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8bd7\u4eba\u4e0e\u5176\u5148\u8f88\u8fdb\u884c\u5fc3\u7406\u6218\u7684\u573a\u6240\u3002\u6240\u6709\u5d07\u9ad8\u8bd7\u4eba\uff0c\u90fd\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0e\u540c\u6837\u5d07\u9ad8\u7684\u8bd7\u4eba\u53cd\u590d\u8fdb\u884c\u6b8a\u6b7b\u8f83\u91cf\u3002\u5e03\u9c81\u59c6\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u8574\u6db5\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u4e0e\u7f57\u5170•\u5df4\u7279\u6587\u672c\u7406\u8bba\u622a\u7136\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u503e\u5411\uff1a\u5b83\u4ece\u5df4\u7279\u90a3\u4e2a\u7531\u65e0\u6570\u533f\u540d\u5f15\u6587\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u6587\u672c\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u8f6c\u5411\u7531\u5f17\u6d1b\u4f0a\u5fb7\u5bb6\u65cf\u6863\u6848\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u8bd7\u6b4c\u4f20\u7edf\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u6b63\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u5bb6\u65cf\u6863\u6848\u3002\u8bd7\u6b4c\u6587\u672c\u539f\u672c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4e92\u6587\u5efa\u6784\u3002\u5728\u63a2\u8ba8\u7279\u5b9a\u6587\u672c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u7f6e\u8eab\u7ecf\u5178\u8bd7\u4eba\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4e86\u89e3\u8be5\u6587\u672c\u5ef6\u4f38\u3001\u6539\u9020\u548c\u5347\u534e\u4e86\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u672c\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u8ffd\u95ee\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u672c\u7684\u6765\u6e90\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u5b83\u4eec\u5927\u591a\u6765\u81ea\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f1f\u5927\u5148\u9a71\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5728\u5e03\u9c81\u59c6\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e2a\u4f53\u8bd7\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u5148\u9a71\u3001\u662f\u6e0a\u6e90\u3001\u662f\u6743\u5a01\u3002\u53ef\u4ed6\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u540e\u6765\u8bd7\u4eba\u594b\u529b\u6297\u4e89\u7684\u5148\u9a71\uff0c\u662f\u540e\u8005\u52aa\u529b\u6446\u8131\u7684\u6e0a\u6e90\uff0c\u662f\u4ed6\u8981\u4fee\u6b63\u3001\u4f4d\u79fb\u548c\u91cd\u6784\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u3002\u4ece\u72ed\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u9996\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u8bd7\u4e0e\u8bd7\u4eba\u52aa\u529b\u8981\u5f81\u670d\u7684\u4e00\u9996\u5148\u9a71\u8bd7\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u8bf4\u5230\u5e95\uff0c\u8bd7\u6b4c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u6307\u5411\u5176\u4ed6\u8bcd\u8bed\u7684\u8bcd\u8bed\uff0c\u800c\u90a3\u4e9b\u8bcd\u8bed\u53c8\u6307\u5411\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bcd\u8bed\u3002\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bcd\u8bed\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u6784\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a20\u5bc6\u7684\u6587\u5b66\u8bed\u8a00\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u4e00\u9996\u8bd7\u53ea\u80fd\u662f\u4e92\u6587\u8bd7(inter_poem)\uff0c\u800c\u5bf9\u4e00\u9996\u8bd7\u7684\u9605\u8bfb\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ea\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u79cd“\u4e92\u8bfb”(inter-reading)\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5e03\u9c81\u59c6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u6709\u6587\u672c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u53ea\u6709\u4e92\u6587\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4e92\u6587\u6027\u9769\u547d<\/p>\n

    \u6240\u8c13\u7684“\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u9769\u547d”\uff0c\u6307\u7684\u662f\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3b\u4e49\u6279\u8bc4\u5bb6\u5728\u653e\u5f03\u5386\u53f2\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u8fdb\u5316\u8bba\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4e3b\u52a8\u5e94\u7528\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u6765\u770b\u5f85\u548c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4eba\u6587\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u4e43\u81f3\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u5404\u5b66\u79d1\u4e4b\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6279\u8bc4\u7684\u60ca\u4eba\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\u5b83\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u6982\u5ff5\u652f\u6301\u7b26\u53f7\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u7528\u5b83\u8bf4\u660e\u5404\u79cd\u6587\u672c\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u6574\u4f53\u5185\u7684\u4e92\u6587\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u63ed\u793a\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u6027\u6587\u5316\u5185\u6db5\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0a\u66ff\u4ee3\u7ebf\u6027\u5f71\u54cd\u548c\u6e0a\u6e90\u7814\u7a76\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u540e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3b\u4e49\u6216\u89e3\u6784\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u5229\u7528\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u6982\u5ff5\u653b\u51fb\u7b26\u53f7\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u98a0\u8986\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5173\u7cfb\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u7834\u89e3\u5176\u4e8c\u5143\u5bf9\u7acb\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u4f17\u591a\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u80fd\u6307\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u5b09\u620f\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u7a81\u51fa\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u89e3\u6784\uff1a\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u4f5c\u7528<\/p>\n

    \u7ed3\u6784\u4e3b\u4e49\u9635\u8425\u4e2d\uff0c\u5217\u7ef4\uff0d\u65af\u7279\u52b3\u65af\u548c\u7f57\u5170•\u5df4\u7279\u5728\u5176\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u548c\u795e\u8bdd\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u90fd\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u5efa\u6784\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f9d\u636e\u7b26\u53f7\u5b66\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u6027\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u4ece\u795e\u8bdd\u3001\u827a\u672f\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\uff0c\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u539f\u59cb\u601d\u7ef4\u7684\u5f02\u8d28\u6027\u3001\u591a\u5143\u6027\u3001\u5c01\u95ed\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5728\u300a\u91ce\u6027\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u300b(1962)\u4e2d\uff0c\u5217\u6c0f\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a“\u4fee\u8865\u672f”\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u533a\u522b\u73b0\u4ee3\u4eba\u548c\u539f\u59cb\u4eba\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u601d\u7ef4\u3002\u5728\u5217\u6c0f\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u4eba\u662f\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\uff0c\u4ed6\u6709\u8bbe\u8ba1\u597d\u7684\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u6750\u6599\u3002\u539f\u59cb\u4eba\u5219\u662f\u4fee\u8865\u5320\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e00\u65e0\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u53ea\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u624b\u8fb9\u53c2\u5dee\u4e0d\u9f50\u7684\u5bb6\u4ec0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bb6\u4ec0\u662f“\u96f6\u4ef6”\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u4e13\u95e8\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u5374\u603b\u5f52\u4f1a\u6709\u7528\u5904\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u795e\u8bdd\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u7531\u96f6\u4ef6\u914d\u7f6e\u800c\u6210\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u6b8b\u4f59\u788e\u7247\u3002\u795e\u8bdd\u601d\u60f3\u5c31\u662f\u7531\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b8b\u4f59\u788e\u7247\u62fc\u51d1\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u4fee\u8865\u5320\u7684\u8bd7\u610f\u521b\u9020\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u4ed6\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u67d0\u9879\u4e8b\u4e1a\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e8e\u4ed6\u6c38\u8fdc\u5b8c\u4e0d\u6210\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u5728\u4e8e\u4ed6\u603b\u628a\u81ea\u8eab\u548c\u4e0e\u81ea\u8eab\u6709\u5173\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u7f6e\u4e8e\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u7f6e\u4e8e\u4e92\u6587\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u5217\u6c0f“\u4fee\u8865\u672f”\u4e3a\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u7406\u8bba\u8c31\u5199\u4e86\u524d\u594f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ed6\u7684\u300a\u795e\u8bdd\u5b66\u300b(1964-1971)\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u90e8\u524d\u594f\u7684\u6f14\u594f\u3002\u8be5\u4e66\u4ee5\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u65b9\u5f0f\u7814\u7a76\u5317\u7f8e\u548c\u5357\u7f8e\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u7684\u795e\u8bdd\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5229\u7528\u793e\u4f1a\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u3001\u6027\u7b49\u6587\u5316\u8303\u7574\uff0c\u5efa\u6784\u8d77\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u5143\u7684\u4e92\u6587\u672c\u3001\u4e92\u6587\u5316\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u56ca\u62ec\u4e86\u89c6\u89c9\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u8fd0\u52a8\u3001\u542c\u89c9\u7b49\u5f02\u8d28\u7b26\u53f7\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u51e0\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u76f8\u4e92\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u542b\u4e49\u4e0a\uff0c\u5217\u6c0f\u672c\u4eba\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5353\u8d8a\u7684\u4fee\u8865\u5320\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5217\u7ef4\uff0d\u65af\u7279\u52b3\u65af\u7684\u4e92\u6587\u672c\u5efa\u6784\u8fd8\u662f\u6709\u61c8\u53ef\u51fb\u7684\u3002\u5fb7\u91cc\u8fbe\u4ee5\u5176\u654f\u9510\u7684\u89e3\u6784\u773c\u5149\u770b\u51fa\uff1a\u5217\u6c0f\u7684\u4e92\u6587\u5316\u5efa\u6784\u6697\u85cf\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u77db\u76fe\u3002\u5728\u300a\u751f\u98df\u4e0e\u719f\u98df\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5217\u6c0f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u571f\u8457\u795e\u8bdd\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u53d8\u5316\u7ec4\u5408\u7684\u538b\u529b\u4e0b\uff0c\u50cf“\u661f\u4e91”\u4e00\u6837\u4ece\u4e2d\u592e\u6269\u6563\u5f00\u6765\uff0c\u6784\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u7ef4\u96c6\u4f53\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u795e\u8bdd\u7cfb\u7edf\u53c8\u4eff\u4f5b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6676\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5b83\u6784\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a33\u5b9a\u4e25\u5bc6\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u524d\u8005\u662f\u5f00\u653e\u591a\u5143\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u5219\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u9759\u6b62\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u4e8c\u8005\u95f4\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u5fc5\u7136\u7834\u89e3\u4e92\u6587\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u571f\u8457\u795e\u8bdd\u548c\u300a\u795e\u8bdd\u5b66\u300b\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u53d8\u5f97\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u3002\u5fb7\u91cc\u8fbe\u8fd8\u770b\u5230\uff1a\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8bba\u6096\u8bba\u4e2d\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u518d\u73b0\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u603b\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u63d0\u51fa\u77db\u76fe\u524d\u63d0\u6765\u89e3\u6784\u81ea\u8eab\u3002\u5217\u6c0f\u5728\u5bf9\u795e\u8bdd\u8fdb\u884c\u8de8\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5171\u65f6\u6bd4\u8f83\u65f6\uff0c\u66fe\u65ad\u8a00\u795e\u8bdd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e92\u6587\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u4e2a\u4f53\u521b\u9020\u8005\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5f00\u5934\u548c\u7ed3\u5c3e\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u65e0\u9650\u5206\u5316\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u663e\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4e92\u6587\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u5b09\u620f\u3002\u4f46\u5217\u6c0f\u504f\u504f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c01\u95ed\u4ef7\u503c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u81ea\u7136\u4e0e\u6587\u5316\u3001\u751f\u98df\u4e0e\u719f\u98df\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5bf9\u6297\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5728\u80fd\u6307\u4e0e\u6240\u6307\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0e\u771f\u7406\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u4e00\u9053\u4e0d\u53ef\u903e\u8d8a\u7684\u9e3f\u6c9f\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u6d88\u89e3\u4e86\u90a3\u79cd\u4e92\u6587\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u5b09\u620f\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5fb7\u91cc\u8fbe\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u4ed6\u5bf9\u5217\u6c0f\u7684\u6279\u5224\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e8e\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u7684“\u5ef6\u5f02”\u8bf4\u3002\u5ef6\u5f02\u4e43\u662f\u5dee\u5f02\u548c\u5ef6\u5b95\u7684\u7efc\u5408\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9488\u5bf9\u903b\u5404\u65af\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u53d6\u4ee3\u3002\u6309\u7167\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u610f\u4e49\u6c38\u8fdc\u5c48\u4ece\u4e8e\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u6c38\u8fdc\u88ab\u7b26\u53f7\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u6240\u63a8\u5ef6\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u80fd\u6307\u548c\u6240\u6307\u51b3\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u610f\u4e49\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u662f\u5b64\u7acb\u81ea\u5728\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u5b83\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u81ea\u6211\u6784\u6210\u3002\u5b83\u6c38\u8fdc\u5904\u4e8e\u7eb7\u7ead\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u6216\u6bb5\u843d\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u4f17\u591a\u80fd\u6307\u7684\u4ea4\u7ec7\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u7531\u8bb8\u8bb8\u591a\u591a\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u8bdd\u8bed\u6240\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u8bdd\u8bed\u5fc5\u7136\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6587\u672c\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6279\u8bc4\u3001\u6b23\u8d4f\u4e0e\u9610\u91ca\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u524d\u6587\u672c\u7684\u5c1d\u8bd5\u6027\u589e\u8865\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u589e\u8865\uff0c\u53c8\u5fc5\u7136\u53d7\u5230\u524d\u6587\u672c\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u672c\u7684\u6c61\u67d3\uff0c\u5fc5\u7136\u643a\u5e26\u524d\u6587\u672c\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u672c\u7684\u8e2a\u8ff9\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5355\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u63cf\u5199\u6587\u672c\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u610f\u6307\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u7528\u5fb7\u91cc\u8fbe\u7684\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u7279\u5b9a\u8bed\u5883\u7684\u7a81\u7834\uff0c\u90fd\u4ee5\u7edd\u5bf9\u4e0d\u53ef\u9650\u5236\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u7e41\u884d\u51fa\u65e0\u6570\u65b0\u7684\u8bed\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u89e3\u6784\u4e3b\u4e49\u6240\u5c55\u793a\u7684\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u53cc\u5411\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u751f\u52a8\u8868\u660e\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u5207\u8bdd\u8bed\u4e0e\u601d\u7ef4\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u6587\u5316\u542b\u4e49\u4e5f\u5f15\u8d77\u4e0d\u540c\u5b66\u79d1\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u56f4\u7ed5\u610f\u6307\u6027\u8d28\u3001\u6587\u672c\u5730\u4f4d\u3001\u6587\u672c\u95f4\u7b26\u53f7\u5173\u7cfb\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u5229\u7528\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ecd\u6709\u5206\u6b67\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u63a8\u52a8\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u9769\u547d\u3001\u5e76\u4ece\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5efa\u6784\u8d77\u6587\u672c\u4e0e\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u89c2\u5ff5\u7684\uff0c\u5f53\u63a8\u5df4\u9ece\u7684\u4e24\u4f4d\u8457\u540d\u6279\u8bc4\u5bb6\uff0c\u5df4\u7279\u548c\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u8482\u5a03\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5df4\u7279\u4e0e\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u8482\u5a03\uff1a\u6587\u672c\u751f\u4ea7\u4e0e\u8bed\u8a00\u9769\u547d<\/p>\n

    1973\u5e74\uff0c\u5df4\u7279\u5728\u53d1\u8868\u300a\u6587\u672c\u7684\u5feb\u611f\u300b\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u53d1\u8868\u8457\u540d\u8bba\u6587\u300a\u6587\u672c\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u300b\u3002\u6587\u4e2d\u4ed6\u8bd5\u56fe\u56de\u7b54“\u6587\u672c\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f”\u5728\u4ed6\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u6587\u672c\u4e0d\u662f\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u5ba2\u4f53\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u6587\u672c\u4ea7\u751f\u4e8e\u8bfb\u8005\u4e0e\u6587\u5b57\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u751f\u4ea7\u573a\u6240\u3002\u6587\u672c\u53c8\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u610f\u6307\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u4ee5\u77db\u76fe\u5f62\u5f0f\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u591a\u5143\u6027\u3002\u6587\u672c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u751f\u4ea7\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5b83\u751f\u4ea7\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f5c\u8005\u4e0e\u8bfb\u8005\u76f8\u9047\u3001\u4e0a\u6f14\u620f\u5267\u3001\u8fdb\u884c\u8bed\u8a00\u6e38\u620f\u7684\u573a\u6240\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u8d44\u6599\u662f\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u4eba\u4eec\u8d56\u4ee5\u4ea4\u6d41\u3001\u518d\u73b0\u3001\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u6587\u672c\u89e3\u6784\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u6784\u6210\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u5faa\u73af\u5f80\u590d\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5df4\u7279\u53c8\u8bf4\uff0c\u6587\u672c\u662f\u610f\u6307\uff0c\u800c\u610f\u6307\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6587\u672c\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u6446\u8131“\u6211\u601d\u6545\u6211\u5728”\u7684\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u8f6c\u800c\u670d\u4ece\u80fd\u6307\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u3001\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u3001\u89e3\u6784\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u610f\u6307\u4e0d\u662f\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u518d\u73b0\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u8868\u8fbe\u3002\u80fd\u6307\u662f\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u8bed\u8a00\u573a\u6240\u5c55\u5f00\u7684\u65e0\u4f11\u6b62\u8fd0\u4f5c\u3002\u5b83\u628a\u5199\u4f5c\u548c\u9605\u8bfb\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u7f6e\u4e8e\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u4e0e\u4eab\u4e50\u76f8\u8ba4\u540c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u5199\u4f5c\u5feb\u611f\u3001\u9605\u8bfb\u5feb\u611f\u3001\u6587\u672c\u5feb\u611f\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6587\u672c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e92\u6587\u672c\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u6587\u672c\u90fd\u662f\u4e92\u6587\u672c\u3002\u524d\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u6587\u5316\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u53ef\u89c1\u4e0e\u4e0d\u53ef\u89c1\u7684\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u65e0\u610f\u8bc6\u6216\u81ea\u52a8\u7684\u5f15\u6587\uff0c\u90fd\u5728\u4e92\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u5728\u4e92\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u518d\u5206\u914d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6709\u6e90\u53ef\u6eaf\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u6216\u6e0a\u6e90\u3002\u4e92\u6587\u672c\u5177\u6709\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u3001\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u4e0e\u751f\u4ea7\u6027\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u64ad\u6492\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5df4\u7279\u7684\u300aS\/Z\u300b(1970)\u662f\u4ed6\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u7cbe\u5f69\u5c55\u793a\u3002\u5df4\u7279\u5728\u4e66\u4e2d\u6ce8\u91cd\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8bfb\u8005\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u6587\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8bfb\u8005\u53c2\u4e0e\u7684\u610f\u6307\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u8bfb\u8005\u88ab\u52a8\u6d88\u8d39\u7684“\u53ef\u8bfb”\u7ecf\u5178\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8bfb\u8005\u4e3b\u52a8\u53c2\u4e0e\u7684“\u53ef\u5199”\u6587\u672c\u751f\u4ea7\u3002\u4e0e\u5217\u6c0f\u548c\u5fb7\u91cc\u8fbe\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5df4\u7279\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u91cd\u5199\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u5236\u9020\u6587\u672c“\u4e92\u8054”\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\uff0c\u5373\u4f5c\u8005\u3001\u8bfb\u8005\u548c\u6279\u8bc4\u5bb6\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5199\u4f5c\u3001\u9605\u8bfb\u3001\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u5206\u6790\u548c\u9610\u91ca\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u4e92\u6587\u672c\u7684\u7d2f\u79ef\u3001\u5c06\u5176\u7f6e\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u52a0\u4ee5\u91cd\u7ec4\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7d2f\u79ef\u4e0e\u91cd\u7ec4\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5fc5\u7136\u662f\u4f5c\u8005\u3001\u8bfb\u8005\u3001\u6279\u8bc4\u5bb6\u672c\u4eba\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6027\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u81ea\u604b\u5f0f\u6ee1\u8db3\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u6210\u4e3a\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7d2f\u79ef\u4e0e\u91cd\u7ec4\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u7ec4\u6587\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u514b\u91cc\u65af\u8482\u5a03\u4e5f\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u8fdb\u5165\u4e92\u6587\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u3002\u5979\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u65ad\u7247\u3001\u53e5\u5b50\u6216\u6bb5\u843d\uff0c\u4e0d\u5355\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u6216\u95f4\u63a5\u8bdd\u8bed\u4e2d\u4e24\u4e2a\u58f0\u97f3\u7684\u4ea4\u53c9\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u65e0\u6570\u58f0\u97f3\u4ea4\u53c9\u3001\u65e0\u6570\u6587\u672c\u4ecb\u5165\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4ea4\u53c9\u4ecb\u5165\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u8bed\u4e49\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u53e5\u6cd5\u4e0e\u8bed\u97f3\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6587\u672c\u7684\u591a\u5143\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u8bed\u97f3\u3001\u8bed\u4e49\u548c\u53e5\u6cd5\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u53c2\u4e0e\u3002\u800c\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u672c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\uff0c\u5219\u63ed\u793a\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u53c2\u4e0e\u6700\u540e\u6587\u672c\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u7279\u5b9a\u6587\u672c\u3002\u5206\u6790\u8005\u5e94\u8be5\u660e\u767d\uff0c\u4ed6\u6240\u5206\u6790\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u8bdd\u8bed\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e3b\u4f53\u6070\u6070\u7531\u4e8e\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u800c\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e86\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e86\u8bcd\u6e90\u5b66\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u3002\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u8482\u5a03\u5728\u5f62\u5f0f\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\u53d1\u73b0\u4e92\u6587\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fc3\u7406\u6216\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u5b66\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5b83\u5173\u7cfb\u5230“\u521b\u9020\u8005”\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u521b\u9020\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u540c\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\u591a\u5143\u6587\u672c\u7684\u4ea4\u53c9\uff0c\u624d\u751f\u4ea7\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u672c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u521b\u9020\u6027\u4e3b\u4f53\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5df4\u8d6b\u91d1\u6240\u8bf4\u7684“\u591a\u58f0\u90e8”\u3002\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u8482\u5a03\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a“\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53”\uff1a\u5373\u5728\u610f\u6307\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f5c\u8005\u8981\u63a5\u53d7\u5bf9\u5cd9\u3001\u5206\u5c42\u3001\u88ab\u7b80\u5316\u4e3a\u96f6\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4ed6\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u591a\u5143\u8eab\u4efd(\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u4ed6\u5728\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u4eba\u7269\u7684\u788e\u7247)\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4e00\u4e2a\u521b\u9020\u6027\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u5206\u89e3\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u591a\u5143\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u3002\u8fd9\u4fbf\u662f\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u8482\u5a03\u7684\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9002\u4e8e\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u4e5f\u9002\u4e8e\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u8bfb\u8005\u3002\u4f9d\u636e\u8fd9\u4e00\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u8bfb\u8005\u9605\u8bfb\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u7f6e\u4e8e\u610f\u6307\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u4ed6\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4e0e\u7279\u5b9a\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u4e92\u6587\u672c\u76f8\u8ba4\u540c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u5fc5\u987b\u88ab\u5316\u7b80\u4e3a\u96f6\uff0c\u88ab\u7f6e\u4e8e\u4e00\u79cd\u54d1\u7136\u5931\u8bed\u7684\u5371\u673a\u65f6\u523b\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5ba1\u7f8e\u5feb\u611f\u5230\u6765\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u51c6\u5907\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u8bfb\u8005\u4fbf\u53ef\u8fdb\u5165\u81ea\u7531\u8054\u60f3\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u91cd\u6784\u591a\u5143\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u51e0\u4e4e\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u5185\u6db5\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u8bd7\u6b4c\u6587\u672c\u7684\u518d\u521b\u9020\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5bf9\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u8482\u5a03\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6587\u672c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u662f\u6279\u8bc4\u548c\u5143\u8bed\u8a00\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3b\u4f53\u5ba1\u67e5\u524d\u6587\u672c\u548c\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u80af\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e9b\u6587\u672c\u5e76\u5426\u5b9a\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u6587\u672c\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e3b\u4f53\u6240\u5177\u6709\u7684\u89e3\u6784\u6240\u6709\u8bdd\u8bed\u7684\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u672c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5426\u5b9a\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a\u5b83\u7e41\u6b96\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u4e3b\u4f53\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e3a\u521b\u9020\u65b0\u6587\u672c\u800c\u7834\u574f\u65e7\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u6587\u672c\u4e0e\u6587\u672c\u65e0\u4f11\u6b62\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\u4e2d\u53d8\u5f97\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u65e0\u7591\u662f\u5728\u915d\u917f\u4e00\u573a\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u9769\u547d\u3002\u5728\u300a\u8bd7\u6b4c\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u9769\u547d\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u8482\u5a03\u5f3a\u8c03\uff1a\u8fd9\u573a\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u9769\u547d\u53d1\u751f\u4e8egénotexte\u4e0ephénotexte\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684“\u96f6\u65f6\u523b”\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u65e0\u610f\u8bc6\u51b2\u52a8\u7206\u53d1\u6210\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u4f01\u56fe\u6253\u7834\u4ed6\u4eba\u3001\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u7236\u4eb2\u7684\u4e92\u6587\u672c\u8bdd\u8bed\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u628a\u8a00\u8bed\u4ece\u8fd9\u79cd\u538b\u6291\u6027\u8bdd\u8bed\u4e2d\u89e3\u653e\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u6240\u8c13phénotexte\u662f\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u9648\u8ff0\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u81ea\u884c\u5448\u73b0\u7684\u8a00\u8bed\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u6309\u7167\u5df4\u7279\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u65e0\u9650\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u90fd\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u79cd\u5076\u7136\u6027\u53d1\u751f\u7684\uff0cphénotexte\u5c31\u662f\u4e0e\u8fd9\u79cd\u5076\u7136\u6027\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u9648\u8ff0(statement)\u800c\u975e\u8868\u8ff0(enunciation)\u7684\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u662f\u9002\u4e8e\u8bed\u97f3\u3001\u8bed\u4e49\u3001\u53e5\u6cd5\u7b49\u7ed3\u6784\u5206\u6790\u7684\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7b26\u53f7\u548c\u4ea4\u6d41\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u8303\u7574\u3002\u800cgénotexte\u5219\u662f\u6784\u6210\u8868\u8ff0\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u8fd0\u4f5c\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u662f\u6784\u6210phénotexte\u7684\u573a\u6240\uff0c\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u573a\u6240\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f02\u8d28\u6027\u9886\u57df\u3002\u603b\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0cphénotexte\u662f\u8bed\u6cd5\u548c\u8bed\u4e49\u7684\u8868\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u800cgénotexte\u662f\u80fd\u6307\u548c\u8a00\u8bf4\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u6df1\u5c42\u8303\u5f0f\u3002\u610f\u6307\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5305\u542b\u7740\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u7f3a\u4e00\u4e0d\u53ef\uff0c\u4f46\u6bcf\u4e00\u79cd\u610f\u6307\u5b9e\u8df5\u53c8\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u5168\u90e8\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e00\u79cd\u610f\u6307\u5b9e\u8df5\u90fd\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u5730\u53d7\u5230\u793e\u4f1a\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u5236\u7ea6\uff0c\u906d\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5236\u7ea6\u7684\u8e2a\u8ff9\u7684\u6d82\u62b9\uff0cphénotexte\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6d82\u62b9\u7684\u8f7d\u4f53\u3002\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u8482\u5a03\u65e8\u5728\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u4e92\u6587\u5f15\u8bed\u4ece\u6765\u4e0d\u662f\u7eaf\u6d01\u7684\u3001\u6e05\u767d\u7684\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u603b\u662f\u88ab\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u3001\u88ab\u66f2\u89e3\u7684\u3001\u88ab\u4f4d\u79fb\u7684\u3001\u88ab\u51dd\u7f29\u7684\uff0c\u603b\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u9002\u5e94\u8a00\u8bf4\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u4f53\u7cfb\u800c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7f16\u8f91\u7684\u3002\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e92\u6587\u5f15\u8bed\u5177\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u503e\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4f5c\u4e3a\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u6587\u672c\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u4e92\u6587\u6027<\/p>\n

    \u4ece\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4f8b\u8bc1\u4e0e\u7406\u8bba\u9610\u8ff0\u770b\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u7ed9\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u548c\u6587\u5b66\u6279\u8bc4\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u591a\u4e48\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u53e4\u4eca\u6587\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5b83\u8981\u4e48\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u672c\u80fd\u7684\u6587\u5316\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u628a\u8bfb\u8005\u65e0\u610f\u8bc6\u5730\u5f15\u5411\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4e92\u6587\u672c(\u8fc8\u514b\u5c14•\u745e\u6cd5\u7279\u5c14)\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f62\u5f0f\u5206\u7c7b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u8ba9\u4eba\u4eec\u4f9d\u636e\u5176\u9605\u8bfb\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5bf9\u6587\u5b66\u8fdb\u884c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5206\u7c7b(\u6770\u62c9\u5c14\u5fb7•\u70ed\u5948\u7279)\u3002\u5c31\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5f3a\u70c8\u53cd\u6096\u4e0e\u620f\u4eff\u7279\u6027\u770b\uff0c\u5b83\u65e0\u7591\u80fd\u4e0e\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u6587\u672c\u7b56\u7565\u5212\u7b49\u53f7\u3002\u6b63\u56e0\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u628a\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u4e0e\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\u6df7\u4e3a\u4e00\u8c08\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u6587\u5b66\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u672c\u80fd\u7684\u6587\u5316\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u5927\u81f4\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff1a\u4e00\u662f\u8bed\u8a00\u5185\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u4e8c\u662f\u6587\u672c\u751f\u4ea7\u5c42\u9762\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c42\u9762\u8981\u6c42“\u8bed\u8a00\u80fd\u529b”\u3002\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u8bfb\u8005\u5fc5\u987b\u719f\u6089\u6587\u672c\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6307\u6d89“\u610f\u4e49”\u3002\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0c\u8bd7\u6b4c\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u53e5\u6cd5\u548c\u8bcd\u6c47\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e8e\u4e92\u6587\u672c\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u7ec4\u5408\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u5373\u6587\u672c\u751f\u4ea7\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u8bfb\u8005\u5177\u6709“\u6587\u5b66\u80fd\u529b”\u3002\u5c31\u662f\u8bfb\u8005\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u6587\u5316\u53ca\u5176\u6587\u672c\u63cf\u5199\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u76f8\u5e94\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u8b6c\u5982\u5f15\u8bed\u548c\u5178\u6545\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f6c\u8bd1\u6587\u672c\u3001\u89e3\u91ca\u6587\u672c“\u610f\u4e49”\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u8981\u6c42\u8bfb\u8005\u5728\u7834\u8bd1\u6587\u5b66\u6587\u672c\u610f\u4e49\u65f6\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u719f\u6089\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4e92\u6587\u672c\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u79cd\u6587\u5316\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u70ed\u5948\u7279\u628a\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u5206\u4e3a3\u4e2a\u4e9a\u8303\u7574\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u662f\u5f15\u8bed(citation)\uff0c\u5373\u660e\u663e\u6216\u6709\u6e05\u695a\u6807\u8bb0\u7684\u4e92\u6587\u6027\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u662f\u5178\u6545(allusion)\uff0c\u5373\u9690\u853d\u6216\u65e0\u6e05\u695a\u6807\u8bb0\u7684\u4e92\u6587\u6027\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e09\u662f\u527d\u7a83(plagiat)\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u65e0\u6807\u8bb0\u3001\u5374\u5b8c\u6574\u7167\u642c\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5206\u7c7b\u663e\u7136\u8fc7\u4e8e\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e09\u79cd\u6216\u8bb8\u4e0d\u6210\u7acb\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u8bf4\u5230\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u4e0e\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u6587\u5b66\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e0d\u59a8\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u6587\u672c\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u800c\u4e0e\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u6587\u5b66\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u7279\u5f81\u5bc6\u5207\u5173\u8054\u7684\u3002\u4e4c\u91cc\u5947•\u5e03\u6d1b\u8d6b\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u5f81\u603b\u7ed3\u4e3a\u5982\u4e0b\u51e0\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \u4f5c\u8005\u4e4b\u6b7b\uff1a\u4e00\u90e8\u6587\u5b66\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u539f\u521b\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8bb8\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u672c\u7684\u6df7\u5408\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4f20\u7edf\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u4e0d\u590d\u5b58\u5728\u4e86\u3002\u4f5c\u5bb6\u4e0d\u518d\u8fdb\u884c\u539f\u521b\u9020\uff0c\u4ed6\u53ea\u662f\u91cd\u7ec4\u548c\u56de\u6536\u524d\u6587\u672c\u7684\u6750\u6599\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u8bfb\u8005\u7684\u89e3\u653e\uff1a\u65e2\u7136\u4e00\u90e8\u4f5c\u54c1\u662f\u4e92\u6587\u7684\u6df7\u5408\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8bfb\u8005\u5c31\u8981\u5728\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u8bfb\u5165\u6216\u8bfb\u51fa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u5373\u4ece\u4f17\u58f0\u55a7\u54d7\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e9b\u58f0\u97f3\u800c\u629b\u5f03\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u58f0\u97f3\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u52a0\u5165\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u6a21\u4eff\u7684\u7ec8\u7ed3\u548c\u81ea\u6211\u6307\u6d89\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\uff1a\u6587\u5b66\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u7ed9\u81ea\u7136\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u955c\u5b50\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7ed9\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u672c\u548c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6587\u672c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u955c\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u527d\u7a83\u7684\u6587\u5b66\uff1a\u6587\u5b66\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u5bf9\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u672c\u7684\u91cd\u5199\u6216\u56de\u6536\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5bc4\u751f\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u53d1\u73b0\u81f4\u4f7f\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u539f\u521b\u4e0e\u527d\u7a83\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u754c\u9650\u6d88\u5931\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u788e\u7247\u4e0e\u6df7\u5408\uff1a\u6587\u672c\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u5c01\u95ed\u3001\u540c\u8d28\u3001\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\uff1b\u5b83\u662f\u5f00\u653e\u3001\u5f02\u8d28\u3001\u7834\u788e\u3001\u591a\u58f0\u90e8\u7684\u3001\u72b9\u5982\u9a6c\u8d5b\u514b\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u62fc\u8d34\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6df7\u5408\u5efa\u6784\u7684\u6548\u679c\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u548c\u8c10\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e8e\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u65e0\u9650\u7684\u56de\u5f52\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u6697\u793a\u5236\u9020\u65e0\u9650\u56de\u5f52\u7684\u6096\u8bba\uff0c\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86“\u5957\u76d2”(Chinese boxes)\u6548\u5e94\uff1a\u5b83\u80fd\u5728\u4e00\u90e8\u865a\u6784\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\u65e0\u9650\u5236\u5730\u5d4c\u5165\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5c42\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u987a\u4fbf\u63d0\u53ca\uff0c\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u4f5c\u4e3a\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u6587\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u6e17\u900f\u4e8e\u591a\u79cd\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u6587\u7c7b\u3002\u5b83\u5305\u62ec\u5143\u5c0f\u8bf4\u3001\u5143\u8bd7\u6b4c\u3001\u53cd\u53d9\u4e8b\u3001\u7eaf\u5c0f\u8bf4\u3001\u620f\u4eff\u3001\u62fc\u8d34\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e94\u8be5\u53e6\u5f53\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u7ed3\u675f\u8bed\uff1a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6587\u5b66\u89e3\u8bfb\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u4e92\u6587\u6027<\/p>\n

    \u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u5c31\u662f\u5199\u4f5c\u4e0e\u9605\u8bfb\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u3002\u6309\u7167\u4e54\u7eb3\u68ee•\u5361\u52d2\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u5b9e\u6307\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bdd\u8bed\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u5b9e\u8df5\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u672c\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5b83\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5438\u6536\u3001\u620f\u4eff\u548c\u6279\u8bc4\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u8868\u660e\u6587\u5b66\u6240\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u624b\u6cd5\u4e0e\u9610\u91ca\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff0c\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u4eba\u4e3a\u6027\u6216\u6b3a\u9a97\u6027\u3002\u5b83\u63ed\u793a\u51fa\u6587\u5b66\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6307\u6d89\u6027\uff1a\u5f53\u4e00\u90e8\u4f5c\u54c1\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u6307\u6d89\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5728\u8bc4\u8bba\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u5e76\u628a\u5b9e\u9645\u6307\u6d89\u63a8\u5ef6\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u6216\u53e6\u4e00\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e0\u4f11\u6b62\u7684\u610f\u6307\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u5b83\u8981\u6bd4\u5e03\u9c81\u59c6\u5728\u5206\u6790“\u5f3a\u529b”\u8bd7\u4eba\u65f6\u6240\u63ed\u793a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u590d\u6742\u5f97\u591a\u3002\u8b6c\u5982\u5b83\u4f1a\u6d89\u53ca\u7279\u5b9a\u6587\u7c7b\u7684\u4e13\u7528\u624b\u6cd5\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u6709\u5173\u5df2\u77e5\u4e0e\u672a\u77e5\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u6bd4\u8f83\u666e\u904d\u7684\u671f\u5f85\u4e0e\u9610\u91ca\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u6709\u5173\u7279\u5b9a\u8bdd\u8bed\u7684\u5148\u5165\u4e4b\u89c1\u3001\u53ca\u5176\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u601d\u8003\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u9762\u5bf9\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u96be\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u3001\u63cf\u8ff0\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5462\uff1f\u5361\u52d2\u63d0\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7684\u9884\u8bbe\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u5305\u62ec\u903b\u8f91\u9884\u8bbe\u3001\u4fee\u8f9e\u9884\u8bbe\u3001\u8bed\u7528\u9884\u8bbe\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u903b\u8f91\u9884\u8bbe(logical presupposition)\u662f\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u9884\u8bbe\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a\u7ea6\u7ff0\u5a36\u4e86\u4fdd\u7f57\u7684\u59b9\u59b9\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9648\u8ff0\u53e5\u9884\u8bbe\u4fdd\u7f57\u6709\u4e2a\u59b9\u59b9\u3002\u9884\u8bbe\u80fd\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u4e0e\u53e6\u4e00\u7ec4\u53e5\u5b50\u5173\u8054\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u5728\u4e8e\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u9884\u8bbe\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u80fd\u4ece\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u547d\u9898\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u6240\u6697\u793a\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u4e3b\u5f20\u3002\u5728\u6587\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u6709\u65e0\u903b\u8f91\u9884\u8bbe\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bfb\u8005\u548c\u5206\u6790\u8005\u6765\u8bf4\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\uff1a\u4f5c\u54c1\u5728\u8868\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0a\u76f4\u63a5\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u547d\u9898\uff0c\u8fe5\u7136\u6709\u522b\u4e8e\u901a\u8fc7\u9884\u8bbe\u800c\u5728\u4e92\u6587\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u547d\u9898\u3002\u524d\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u76f4\u622a\u9648\u8ff0\uff0c\u662f\u65e0\u9700\u903b\u8f91\u63a8\u65ad\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u4ea4\u6d41\u3002\u540e\u4e00\u79cd\u5219\u662f\u542b\u84c4\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u6697\u793a\u4e92\u6587\u672c\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6697\u793a\u67d0\u4e00\u8bd7\u6b4c\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u4e5f\u6697\u793a\u67d0\u4e00\u8bdd\u8bed\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e0a\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u9884\u8bbe\u5c31\u6210\u4e86\u6587\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u4e92\u6587\u8fd0\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4fee\u8f9e\u6216\u6587\u5b66\u6027\u9884\u8bbe(rhetorical or literary presupposition)\u662f\u6587\u5b66\u9605\u8bfb\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u5361\u52d2\u4e3e\u51fa\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f8b\u53e5\uff0c\u4ee5\u793a\u903b\u8f91\u9884\u8bbe\u548c\u6587\u5b66\u6027\u9884\u8bbe\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u9c9c\u660e\u5bf9\u6bd4\u3002(1)\u90a3\u5b69\u5b50\u7ad9\u5728\u602a\u4e1c\u897f\u8ddf\u524d\uff0c\u88c5\u4f5c\u82e5\u65e0\u5176\u4e8b\u7684\u6837\u5b50\u3002(2)\u4ece\u524d\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u738b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ed6\u751f\u4e86\u4e2a\u5973\u513f\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u53e5\u6697\u793a\u8bb8\u591a\u5148\u5728\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\uff0c\u5373\u524d\u6587\u672c\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u8b6c\u5982\u90a3\u7537\u5b69\u662f\u8c01\uff1f\u90a3\u4e2a\u602a\u4e1c\u897f\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u7a76\u7adf\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e8b\uff1f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u53e5\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u903b\u8f91\u9884\u8bbe\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u6709\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u6587\u5b66\u9884\u8bbe\u3002\u5b83\u4ece\u8bed\u7528\u89d2\u5ea6\u628a\u5c06\u8981\u8bb2\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u4e0e\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5176\u5b83\u6545\u4e8b\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e00\u79cd\u6587\u7c7b\u7684\u5199\u4f5c\u624b\u6cd5\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u8981\u6c42\u8bfb\u8005\u5bf9\u5b83\u91c7\u53d6\u67d0\u79cd\u6001\u5ea6(\u671f\u5f85\u6216\u7406\u89e3)\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u65e0\u903b\u8f91\u9884\u8bbe\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u4fbf\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u4e92\u6587\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u5b83\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u4e92\u6587\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u903b\u8f91\u9884\u8bbe\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u4e92\u6587\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4e0e\u4fee\u8f9e\u9884\u8bbe\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u662f\u8bed\u7528\u9884\u8bbe(pragmatic presupposition)\u3002\u540e\u8005\u5206\u6790\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u53e5\u5b50\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8a00\u8c08\u4e0e\u8bed\u5883\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5373\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u8bf4\u51fa\uff0c\u5047\u5b9a\u5b83\u5fc5\u987b\u9002\u4e8e\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u8bed\u5883\u3002\u4ece\u8bed\u7528\u5b66\u89d2\u5ea6\u8bf4\uff0c“\u6253\u5f00\u95e8”\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u5fc5\u987b\u5047\u5b9a\u8bf4\u8bdd\u573a\u5408\u6709\u4e00\u6247\u5173\u95ed\u7684\u95e8\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u80fd\u542c\u61c2\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u548c\u8bf4\u8bdd\u8005\u6b63\u5904\u4e8e\u67d0\u79cd\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f9d\u636e\u8fd9\u79cd\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ed6\u624d\u53ef\u80fd\u628a\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u8bf7\u6c42\u6216\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u5728\u7c7b\u6bd4\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u4e00\u79cd\u6587\u5b66\u8868\u8fbe\uff0c\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u8a00\u8bed\u884c\u4e3a(speech act)\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u5b83\u8131\u79bb\u7279\u5b9a\u8bed\u5883\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u6587\u7c7b\u7684\u8bdd\u8bed\u73af\u5883\u3002\u8b6c\u5982\u60b2\u5267\u4e2d\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u53ea\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u60b2\u5267\u8868\u8fbe\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u6709\u522b\u4e8e\u559c\u5267\u8868\u8fbe\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u8bfb\u8005\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u8868\u8fbe\u624b\u6cd5\uff0c\u628a\u4e00\u90e8\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e0e\u8fd0\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u624b\u6cd5\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u4f5c\u54c1\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u5c06\u5b83\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f71\u54cd\u6e0a\u6e90\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u7c7b\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u540c\u6837\u7684\u5206\u6790\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u4eba\u7269\u3001\u60c5\u8282\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u4e3b\u9898\u7efc\u5408\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u8c61\u5f81\u6027\u51dd\u7f29\u4e0e\u4f4d\u79fb\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u548c\u9610\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5982\u5361\u52d2\u6240\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u4ece\u54ea\u79cd\u9884\u8bbe\u5165\u624b\uff0c\u5bf9\u6587\u5b66\u7684\u89e3\u8bfb\u7ec8\u5c06\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u89e3\u8bfb\uff0c\u800c\u5bf9\u4e92\u6587\u6027\u7684\u9610\u91ca\uff0c\u7ec8\u5c06\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u4e00\u79cd\u9605\u8bfb\u8bd7\u5b66\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u3002<\/p>\n

  \u53c2\u8003\u4e66\u76ee\uff1a<\/p>\n

    1.Louis A.Renza\uff0c“Influence\uff0c”in Critical Terms for Literary Study\uff0cFrank Lentricchia\uff0c& Thomas McLaughlin\uff0ceds.(London\uff1aUniversity of Chicago Press\uff0c1990).<\/p>\n

    2.M.H.Abrams\uff0cA Glossary of LiteraryT erms(London\uff1aHolt\uff0cRinehart & Winston\uff0c1988).<\/p>\n

    3.\u514b\u52b3\u5fb7•\u5217\u7ef4\uff0d\u65af\u7279\u52b3\u65af\uff1a\u300a\u91ce\u6027\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u300b\uff0c\u674e\u5e7c\u84b8\u8bd1(\u5546\u52a1\u5370\u4e66\u9986\uff0c1987)\u3002<\/p>\n

    4.R.Barthes\uff0c“Theory of the Text\uff0c”in Image Music Text\uff0ctrans.Stephen Heath(London\uff1aFontana\uff0c1977).——S\/Z\uff0ctrans.Richard Miller(NewYork\uff1aHill & Wang\uff0c1974).<\/p>\n

    5.Harold Bloom\uff0cThe Anxiety of Influence\uff1aA Theory of Poetry(New York\uff1aOxford University Press\uff0c1973).<\/p>\n

    6.Jacques Derrida\uff0cWriting and Difference\uff0ctrans. AlanBass(London\uff1aRoutledge and Kegan Paul\uff0c1978).<\/p>\n

    7.Julia Kristeva\uff0c“The Revolution in Poetic Language\uff0c”in The Kristeva Reader(Oxford\uff1aBasilBlackwellLtd\uff0c1986).<\/p>\n

    8.\u7c73\u54c8\u4f0a\u5c14•\u5df4\u8d6b\u91d1\uff1a\u300a\u5df4\u8d6b\u91d1\u6587\u8bba\u9009\u300b\uff0c\u4f5f\u666f\u97e9\u8bd1(\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1996)\u3002<\/p>\n

    9.Ulrich Broich\uff0c“Intertextuality\uff0c”in International Postmodernism\uff1aTheory and Literary Practice\uff0cHans Bertens\uff0cDouwe Fokkema\uff0ceds.(John Benjamins Publishing Company\uff0c1992\uff0d1996).<\/p>\n

    10.J.Culler\uff0c“Presupposition and Intertextuality\uff0c”in Postmodernism\uff1aCritical Concepts\uff0cVol.II\uff0cCritical Texts\uff0cVictorE.Taylor and Charles E.Winquist\uff0ceds.(Routledge\uff0c1998).<\/p>\n

     
 <\/p>\n\n\u6587\u7ae0\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u300a\u5916\u56fd\u6587\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u300b2003\u5e74<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u4e92\u6587 \u4e92\u6587\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4fee\u8f9e\u624b\u6cd5\uff0c\u53c8\u53eb\u4e92\u8f9e\uff0c\u4e92\u53c2\u3002 \u3000\u3000\u5728…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1319","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-talkshow"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tao0.date\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1319","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tao0.date\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tao0.date\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tao0.date\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tao0.date\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1319"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tao0.date\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1319\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tao0.date\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1319"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tao0.date\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1319"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tao0.date\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1319"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}