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\n\u4e8c\u3001\u65b0\u5a92\u4f53\u827a\u672f\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6e0a\u6e90
\n\u5de5\u4e1a\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u7f8e\u5b57\u3001\u8fbe\u8fbe\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3b\u4e49
\n\u4e09\u3001\u65b0\u5a92\u4f53\u827a\u672f\u7684\u5f53\u4ee3\u80cc\u666f
\n\u675c\u5c1a\u3001\u51ef\u5947\u3001\u6fc0\u6d6a\u827a\u672f\u3001\u524d\u536b\u7535\u5f71
\n\u56db\u3001\u7efc\u5408\u5a92\u4ecb\u4e0e\u884c\u4e3a\u827a\u672f
\n\u65b0\u5a92\u4f53\u4e0e\u5de5\u4f5c\u5ba4\uff0c\u6781\u7b80\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u89c2\u5ff5\u5316\u503e\u5411\u591a\u5a92\u4f53\u827a\u672f\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e0e\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u827a\u672f\u7406\u8bba
\n\u4e94\u3001\u89c6\u9891\u827a\u672f
\n\u89c2\u5ff5\u6027\u89c6\u9891\u4f5c\u54c1\u3001\u89c6\u9891\u88c5\u7f6e\u3001\u63a2\u7d22\u81ea\u6211\u8ba4\u540c
\n\u516d\u3001\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u827a\u672f
\n\u7535\u8111\u827a\u672f\u3001\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u827a\u672f\u3001\u865a\u62df\u73b0\u5b9e
\n\u53c2\u8003\u4e66\u76ee
\n\u82f1\u4e2d\u4eba\u540d\u5bf9\u7167\u8868
\n
\n\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u524d\u8a00
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\n\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u5f53\u4ee3\u827a\u672f\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u2014\u2014\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5728\u535a\u7269\u9986\u548c\u753b\u5eca\u7684\u5c55\u89c8\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u9010\u6b65\u75af\u8ff7\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5f53\u4ee3\u827a\u672f\u53cc\u5e74\u5c55\u4e1a\u2014\u2014\u7ed8\u753b\u548c\u96d5\u5851\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u4ee5\u4f4d\u9020\u578b\u827a\u672f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u79cd\u7c7b\u65e5\u76ca\u892a\u5c45\u6b21\u8981\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u6c42\u77e5\u6b32\u5f88\u5f3a\u7684\u800c\u4e14\u62e5\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5ba1\u7f8e\u5224\u65ad\u7684\u5f53\u4ee3\u827a\u672f\u89c2\u4f17\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f88\u96be\u518d\u5bf9\u4f20\u7edf\u610f\u4e49\u2014\u2014\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u7ed8\u753b\u548c\u96d5\u5851\u4ea7\u751f\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u800c\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0e\u5f53\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u73af\u5883\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u8f83\u9ad8\u6280\u672f\u542b\u91cf\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u5219\u5f15\u8d77\u4eba\u4eec\u6d53\u539a\u7684\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u8bf8\u5982\u6444\u5f71\u3001\u7535\u5f71\u3001\u7535\u8111\u3001\u89c6\u9891\u3001\u88c5\u7f6e\u3001\u884c\u4e3a\u3001\u7efc\u5408\u5a92\u4f53\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5747\u53ef\u79f0\u4e0e\u65b0\u5a92\u4f53\u827a\u672f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u5355\u4e00\u5a92\u4ecb\u7684\u753b\u5e03\uff0c\u6cb9\u5f69\uff0c\u5927\u7406\u77f3\u7b49\u76f8\u5bf9\u3002
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\n\u523050\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4ee5\u675c\u6cbf\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u53cd\u827a\u672f\u6743\u5a01\u503e\u5411\u9010\u6b65\u83b7\u5f97\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u8ba4\u53ef\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u4e00\u6279\u5e74\u9752\u7684\u5b89\u838e\u793e\u5bb6\u5df2\u7ecf\u8ba8\u538c\u7d2f\u6d3b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u827a\u672f\u9ad8\u6807\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u8868\u73b0\u4e3b\u4e49\u7ed8\u753b\u3002\u827a\u672f\u754c\u53d8\u5f97\u5341\u5206\u6d3b\u8dc3\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u6ce2\u666e\u827a\u672f\uff0c\u7ea6\u7ff0\u3002\u51ef\u5947\uff08John cage 1912—1992\uff09\u548c\u82ac\u7533\u6cca\u683c\uff0c\u5eb7\u5c3c\u6d77\u59c6\uff08merce wnigham\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u5927\u536b\u3002\u5410\u5fb7\uff08david Tudor\uff09\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u827a\u672f\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002
\n\u5148\u950b\u97f3\u4e50\u5bb6\u51ef\u5947\u5c06\u4ed6\u5728\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u5927\u5b57\u7684\u63a5\u89e6\u5230\u7684\u4e1c\u65b9\u7985\u5b57\u4e0e\u52cb\u4f2f\u683c\uff08Arnoldschonberg\uff09\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u97f3\u4e50\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5076\u53d1\u97f3\u4e50\u5b9e\u9a8c\u548c\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u9ed1\u5c71\u5b57\u9662\u548c\u7ebd\u7ea6\u793e\u4f1a\u7814\u7a76\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5728\u5e74\u9752\u7684\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u4e2d\u4f20\u64ad\u5f00\u6765\u3002\u4ed6\u97f3\u4e50\u6df1\u5438\u5f15\u4e86\u884c\u4e3a\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u963f\u5170\u3002\u5361\u666e\u9686\uff08Allan Kaprow 6 1927\uff09\u548c\u91cc\u67e5\u5fb7\u3002\u9ed1\u65af\uff08Richard Higgins 6.1983\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u9002\u5bf9\u300a\u6613\u8bdd\u300b\u548c\u7985\u5b57\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u827a\u672f\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u5341\u5206\u5f3a\u8c03\u5076\u7136\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u751a\u81f3\u63ba\u6742\u4e86\u8857\u9053\u4e0a\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u6742\u97f3\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u65e0\u58f0\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u4e5f\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u5408\u4f5c\u4f19\u4f34\uff0c\u821e\u8e48\u5bb6\u5eb7\u5c3c\u6d77\u59c6\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u821e\u6f14\u51fa\u4e2d\u3002
\n\u5f53\u8bb8\u591a\u5e74\u9752\u7684\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u8ba4\u540c\u4e86\u827a\u672f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u89c2\u5ff5\u548c\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u65b0\u5411\u8272\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u65f6\uff0c\u6fc0\u6d6a\u8fd0\u52a8\u4fbf\u572860\u5e74\u4ee3\u5e94\u5b55\u800c\u751f\uff0c\u5b83\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u4e00\u80a1\u65b0\u7684\u521b\u4f5c\u529b\u7684\u7206\u53d1\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5e74\u9752\u7684\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u8fea\u514b\u3002\u9ed1\u6839\u65af\uff08Dick Higgins 1931—-1999\uff09\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u201d\u4e92\u52a8\u5a92\u4ecb\uff08Inteimedio\uff09\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u5728\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u821e\u53f0\uff0c\u7535\u5f71\u548c\u89c6\u50cf\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u4e0e\u9769\u65b0\u3002\u6fc0\u6d6a\u8fd0\u52a8\u662f\u4e00\u573a\u7efc\u5408\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u827a\u672f\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\uff0c\u4f5c\u5bb6\u7535\u5f71\u4eba\uff0c\u97f3\u4e50\u5bb6\u821e\u8e48\u5bb6\u90fd\u6df1\u6df1\u5730\u5377\u5165\u5176\u4e2d\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e8e1961\u5e74\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u7ebd\u7ea6AG\u753b\u90ce\u3002\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u662f\u4e54\u6cbb\u3002\u9ea6\u5e0c\u7eb3\u65af\uff08George Maciunas 1931—1978\uff09\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5e74\u4fbf\u6269\u6563\u5230\u6b27\u6d32\u3002\u6fc0\u6d6a\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u4e0e\u8fbe\u8fbe\u4e3b\u4e49\u76f8\u4eff\uff0c\u9ea6\u5e0c\u7eb3\u65af\u5c31\u5bcc\u5ba3\u79f0\u5b83\u662f\u201d\u97f3\u4e50\uff0c\u620f\u5267\uff0c\u8bd7\u6b4c\uff0c\u827a\u672f\u4e2d\u7684\u65b0\u8fbe\u8fbe\u201d\u3002
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\n\u7f8e\u56fd\u5f53\u4ee3\u7535\u5f71\u4f5c\u5bb6\uff0c\u5a92\u4f53\u5c55\u7b56\u5212\u4eba\u5e03\u9c81\u65af\u3002\u7b80\u91d1\u65af\uff08Bruce Jenkins\uff09\u5bf9\u767d\u5357\u6dee\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u505a\u8fc7\u4e2d\u80af\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4ed6\u98a0\u8986\u4e86\u89c2\u4f17\u5bf9\u7535\u5f71\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u671f\u5f85\u201d\u5728\u653e\u6620\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u8868\u6f14\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u7535\u5f71\u5f3a\u52a0\u7ed9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u652f\u914d\u6743\u3002\u201d\u56e0\u4e3a\u65e2\u65e0\u58f0\u97f3\u53c8\u65e0\u5f62\u8c61\uff0c\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u4fbf\u9f13\u52b1\u89c2\u4f17\u53bb\u81ea\u7531\u5730\u60f3\u50cf\u3002\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u653e\u6620\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u80f6\u7247\u4e0a\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u5212\u75d5\uff0c\u6c61\u8ff9\u5747\u88ab\u6295\u5c04\u5230\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u653e\u6620\u90fd\u5bf9\u80f6\u7247\u6709\u635f\u5bb3\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u653e\u6620\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u90e8\u65b0\u7247\u3002
\n\u53e6\u4e00\u4eec\u6fc0\u6d6a\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u5f7c\u7279\u3002\u6469\u4e50(Peter Moore 1932—-)\u7528\u4e00\u67b6\u9ad8\u901f\u6444\u5f71\u673a\u57281966\u5e74\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u540d\u4e3a\u300a\u9762\u90e8\u97f3\u4e50\u7684\u6d88\u5931\u300b\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u3002\u4f5c\u54c1\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u5bfc\u6f14\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u8868\u6f14\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u800c\u89c6\u89c9\u4e2d\u5fc3\u516c\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u4eec\u5987\u5973\u7684\u5634\u548c\u4e0b\u5df4\uff0c\u5728\u7b11\u548c\u975e\u7b11\u4e4b\u95f4\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u65e0\u6570\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u8868\u60c5\uff0c\u4f46\u8868\u60c5\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u901f\u5ea6\u88ab\u653e\u6162\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u62cd\u7167\u65f6\u662f\u4ee5\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u516b\u79d2\u949f\uff0c\u800c\u653e\u6620\u65f6\u5374\u88ab\u5ef6\u957f\u4e3a\u516b\u5206\u949f\u3002
\n\u52301966\u5e74\uff0c\u6fc0\u6d6a\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e2d\u7684\u7535\u5f71\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8005\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u5927\u6279\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u5f3a\u5316\u89c2\u4f17\u5bf9\u751f\u6d3b\u7ec6\u8282\u7684\u7559\u610f\u3002\u5e76\u4e0e\u795e\u5e55\u4e0a\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u4fdd\u6301\u51dd\u89c6\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u8457\u540d\u7684\u6fc0\u6d6a\u7535\u5f71\u4f5c\u54c1\u8fd8\u6709\u4e54\u51b6\u3002\u5e03\u83b1\u7279\uff08Goorge Brecht\uff09\u7684\u300a\u8fdb\u4e0e\u73b0\u300b\uff081965\uff09\u548c\u6770\u59c6\u65af\u3002\u91cc\u675c\u5c14\uff08James Riddle\uff09\u4e8e1966\u5e74\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u300a\u4e5d\u5206\u949f\u300b\u524d\u8005\u5c55\u793a\u201d\u5165\u53e3\u201d\u6807\u5fd7\u9010\u6e10\u6d88\u5931\u800c\u201d\u51fa\u53e3\u201d\u6807\u5fd7\u53c8\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u540e\u8005\u662f\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u5206\u949f\u5185\uff0c\u9ed1\u8272\u80cc\u666f\u4e2d\u603b\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u6392\u5370\u5237\u6570\u5b57\u3002
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\n50\u523060\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u827a\u672f\u754c\u5bf9\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7535\u5f71\u7684\u70ed\u60c5\u8fbe\u5230\u9ad8\u6f6e\uff0c\u5b83\u9996\u5148\u4ece\u7f8e\u56fd\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u6b27\u6d32\u6cd5\u3001\u82f1\u3001\u5fb7\u3001\u7b49\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u7535\u5f71\u5b66\u8005\u5927\u536b\u3002\u6770\u59c6\u65af\uff08David James\uff09\u57281989\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u300a\u7535\u5f71\u7684\u9690\u55bb\u300b\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5a92\u4f53\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u4ecb\u5165\u7535\u5f71\u5236\u505a\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5373\u7ed8\u753b\u6027\u652f\u914d\u4e86\u7535\u5f71\u6027\uff0c\u5373\u5f3a\u8c03\u8fd0\u52a8\u548c\u5468\u671f\u7684\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u7279\u6b8a\u5fc3\u7406\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u8bd7\uff0c\u5c0f\u8bf4\u548c\u620f\u5267\u7b49\u5f62\u5f0f\u8868\u8fbe\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u53ea\u80fd\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u6444\u5f71\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u7167\u50cf\u673a\uff0c\u6444\u5f71\u673a\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e3a\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u5f53\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u4f7f\u7528\u6280\u672f\u8fdb\u884c\u521b\u4f5c\u65f6\u6280\u672f\u4e5f\u5c31\u5f97\u5230\u521b\u9020\u6027\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8feb\u4f7f\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u5927\u536b\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u827a\u672f\u7231\u7684\u521b\u9020\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002
\n\u5728\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u8f6c\u800c\u4f7f\u7528\u65b0\u827a\u672f\u5a92\u4f53\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u603b\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u7528\u65b0\u6280\u6837\u6a21\u4eff\u6216\u590d\u5236\u7ed8\u753b\u548c\u96d5\u5851\u7684\u827a\u672f\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u8fd9\u6beb\u4e0d\u5947\u602a\u3002\u9a6c\u514b\u6ce2\u7f57\u65af\u548c\u6c83\u970d\u5c14\u5c31\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u5f88\u6709\u8bf4\u670d\u529b\u7684\u4e2a\u6848\u3002
\n\u683c\u96f7\u5f0b\u91cc\u3002\u9a6c\u514b\u6ce2\u7f57\u65af\uff08Gregory Makopoulos 1928—-92\uff09\u4ece\u5341\u51e0\u5c81\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u8ddf\u968f\u597d\u83b1\u575e\u5bfc\u6f14\u65af\u7279\u4f2f\u683c\uff08Josefvon Sfernberg\uff09\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bd7\u4eba\u822c\u7684\u6c14\u8d28\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5c06\u7535\u5f71\u4eba\u5f53\u6210\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u6765\u5c3d\u60c5\u5730\u53d1\u6325\u3002\u523018\u5c81\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4fbf\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u524d\u536b\u7535\u5f71\u4e2d\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u4e4b\u4f5c\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u8840\uff0c\u5feb\u4e50\u548c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u300b\uff081947—1948\uff09\u3002\u5728\u5176\u540e\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d—–\u8bf8\u5982\u300a\u5929\u9e45\u300b\uff081950\uff09\uff0c\u300a\u4e24\u6b21\u7537\u4eba\u300b\uff081963\uff09\u548c\u300a\u795e\u5bc6\u300b\uff081968\uff09\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u5f88\u7a81\u51fa\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u8272\u5f69\uff0c\u6784\u56fe\uff0c\u8282\u594f\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u5f80\u5f80\u53d6\u81ea\u4e8e\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u795e\u8bdd\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u53d1\u660e\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u8282\u7701\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\u6765\u63a2\u7d22\u62bd\u8c61\u53d9\u4e8b\u6027\u7535\u5f71\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5c31\u5305\u62ec\u6444\u5f71\u673a\u5185\u7f16\u8f91\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u955c\u5934\u65e0\u62d8\u65e0\u675f\u5730\u62cd\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7528\u955c\u5934\u65e0\u62d8\u65e0\u675f\u5730\u62cd\u6444\u3002
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